Cardiac tamponade is the compression of the heart characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart). This fluid buildup puts pressure on the heart, making it difficult for the ventricles of the heart to fill with blood and resulting in cardiac tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency. Cardiac tamponade occurs in approximately 2 out of 10,000 people. The overall risk of death depends on the speed of diagnosis, the treatment provided, and the underlying cause of the tamponade.

Cardiac tamponade may be caused by any of the following:

• Effusions caused by tumors often lead to tamponade, eliciting bleeding in the pericardium. Blood accumulates more rapidly than a transudate and more commonly causes tamponade. Read more »
  
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Rheumatic fever is a complicated disease that can develop as a complication of untreated or poorly treated strep throat. Strep throat is caused by infection with group A streptococcus bacteria.  Most commonly, the streptococcus infection is located in the upper respiratory tract such as strep throat or asscarlet fever. Rheumatic fever affects the joints, skin, heart, blood vessels, and brain. Rheumatic fever is most common in 5- to 15-year-old children, though it can develop in younger children and adults.

Rheumatic fever is treated in following ways:

• The best treatment against rheumatic heart disease is to prevent rheumatic fever from ever occurring. Rheumatic fever is usually treated with penicillin. Doctors often prescribe a regular dose of penicillin after the symptoms of rheumatic fever disappear. This program helps prevent the return of Rheumatic fever. Read more »
  
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Mycobacterium leprae is responsible for the disease. This bacterium grows very slowly and mainly affects the skin, nerves, and mucous membranes. With early diagnosis and treatment, many leprosy symptoms and complications can be minimized or avoided.

Treatment of leprosy generally depends on the type of the disease.  Leprosy can be cured but it is essential to take the full course of medication. Today, the disease can generally be cured with antibiotics. In 1981, the WHO recommended the use of a combination of three antibiotics to treat leprosy which takes six months to a year or more. These three antibiotics are Dapsone, Rifampin and Clofazimine.

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Sleep is a vital need, essential to a child’s health and growth.  Children who get enough sleep are more likely to function better and are less prone to behavioral problems and moodiness. Sleep is important especially in growing and developing children. Sufficient sleep is an important part of healthy child development. A child needs to get at least eight hours of sleep every day, including during the weekend, in order to function properly.

Children often have sleep problems. Children with sleep problems are more likely to be inattentive, hyperactive, impulsive, and display oppositional behaviors. There are often simple solutions to solving a child’s sleep problems.

Here are some tips to help your child to sleep better at night:

• Follow a consistent bedtime routine. A bedtime ritual makes it easier for your child to relax, fall asleep and sleep through the night. Read more »
  
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